Immunophenotyping is performed using flow cytometry. The labelled cells are processed in a flow cytometer, which allows for the rapid and easy phenotyping of each cell according to the presence or absence of a protein combination
Cytokine analysis is performed using ELISA. It is crucial for understanding immune responses, inflammation, and various disease states.
Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is a sensitive, accurate, and quantitative analysis of cytokine gene expression, providing important insights into immune function and disease pathogenesis.